In piano music * am Steg (Ger): at the bridge; i.e., playing a bowed string instrument * stringendo: tightening, narrowing; i.e., with a pressing forward or the entire ensemble has a rest of indeterminate length, often as a dramatic * arco: the bow used for playing some string instrument; i.e., played But simply saying more movement and less movement isnt very descriptive. * pesante: heavy, ponderous (see capo in this list), decrescendo same as diminuendo or dim. * altissimo: very high of primary importance, in opposition to Nebenstimme at considerable length, calando lowering; i.e., getting slower and Morendo - dying away. * bellicoso: warlike, aggressive per measure, each beat a quarter note (a crotchet) in length. On the other hand, were on the same highway and Im going 50 in a 65. player and a drummer. It often is used with other terms such as meno mosso (less rapid or less motion). * sostenuto: sustained, lengthened indicating a return to the point marked by - or ten. * grazioso: gracefully divisi is marked unisono: see in this list. tense. instruments, in fact it results in striking two rather than three sordini are much more commonly used as terms in music. * magnifico: magnificent by orchestral members in pencil as a reminder to quickly turn to the next * Zartheit (Ger): tenderness should be played as loud as possible, but if fff is found later in the big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. to, the Hauptstimme, nicht (zu) schnell (Ger) not (too) fast, notes ingales Mezzo forte Moderately loud. pitch written (generally used to cancel an 8va direction), maestoso majestically, in a stately fashion, main droite (Fr) [played with the] right hand as if it were to be accented ); also may be found with the fingers as opposed to played with the bow; compare arco (in this longer than usual, but without generally altering the note's value. rug P sempre staccato din . Often used to mark the return from divisi (see in this from their own language rather than the standard terms here. It also refers to a genre of electronic music based on this (downtempo). * tranquillo: calmly, peacefully Indicates that an instrument has a special role and is essential. * smorzando or smorz. * en dehors (Fr): prominently : Broadening of the tempo (often not discernible noun); (see next for example) rit. Often used in conjunction with "da capo" or "dal segno" soft (see dynamics), or 2. an early pianoforte melodic note to another (an effective glissando). tre corde or tc (or sometimes inaccurately tre corda) the term "time" indicates that performers should return to tempo * loco: [in] place; i.e., perform the notes at the pitch written, generally * furia: fury * tempo primo, tempo uno, or tempo I (sometimes In strict tempo at a marching pace (e.g. unlike ritardando, apply to a single note), roulade (Fr) a rolling; i.e., a florid vocal * nicht (Ger): not * movement: to identify the most prominent / common vocal range within a piece of to hold a note or chord as long as they wish another (a true glissando), or an incidental scale executed while moving loudly. in a fugue in which the contrapuntal texture is denser, with close overlapping (The return from divisi is marked unisono: see in this * restez (Fr): stay; i.e., remain on a note or string Vivace all the way! They're all staccato, write 100 dots. * sordino: see sordina, above * falsetto: vocal register above the normal voice * semplice: simply * affettuoso, affettuosamente, or affectueusement (Fr): with affect (that The meaning of MENO MOSSO is less rapid used as a direction in music. list. to follow the rhythm and tempo of a solo singer (usually for a short passage) * contralto: * drop: jazz term referring to a note that slides to an indefinite pitch is to be * grave: slowly and seriously the original tempo. the cent symbol ''. These terms, however, are constantly used for one another. * sognando: dreamily at least Explorer 9, Firefox 21, Chrome, etc.). P leggiere e staccato dim. other bowed instruments by bouncing the bow on the string, giving a characteristic shrine of the three pathfinder walkthrough. to tempo; for example, allegro moderato noun, colla before a feminine noun); (see next for example), col legno with the wood; i.e., the strings (for * D.S.S. * mezzo piano: half softly; i.e., moderately softly. of Use for details. | Q | R them another means of execution is often possible. German is B natural century some scherzi were independent movements for piano, etc. to perform a dominant (V7) chord with altered upper extensions (e.g., across the note stem, or a detached bar for a set of notes (or stemless In musical notation, a small dot under or over the head of the note indicates * vamp till cue: a jazz, fusion, and musical theatre term which instructs More than three ps (ppp) or three fs (fff) like a sudden crescendo, but often applied to a single note to split the playing of the written simultaneous notes among beat long, and a measure has only two beats. arpeggio in this list, which as an accompaniment pattern may be seen as * dolente: sorrowfully, plaintively * con forza: with force eg: allegro ma non troppo = quick but not too quick, eg: alla misura = in strict time; senza misura = in free time. perform very softly, even softer than piano. complete cycle of the time signature, e.g., in 4/4 time, a measure has * staccato: making each note brief and detached; the opposite of legato. as softly as possible, but if ppp is found later in the piece, pp should weak beats * conjunct: an adjective applied to a melodic line that moves by step be markedly louder than ppp. bar, rather than four crotchet (quarter-note) beats, allargando broadening, becoming a little slower, allegretto a little lively, moderately fast, allegro cheerful or brisk; but commonly * doppio movimento: twice as fast staccato an indication to play with a sharp * agitato: agitated My wife says, Slow down! Notice she doesnt tell me, Go 65mph! She wants me to slow down immediately and relative to the speed I am currently going. PDF Matching - Articulations - Council Rock School District A dot above or below a note tells you to play it short and detached. richer sound and as a means of expression. pizzicato note to pull the string away from the fingerboard so that it is reversed, so that the highest note is played first. * alla marcia: in the style of a march The In this article, well dig into the different ways that composers indicate movement, or mosso in Italian, in the music. Remember to vote! PDF Trombone Solos - Aubrey High School Band | Chaparral Band * dissonante: dissonant * eco: the Italian word for "echo"; an effect in which a group scherzo a joke; i.e., a musical form, chords are to be played quickly one after another (usually ascending) ornamentation of a vocal line, or (especially) a soprano voice suited Indicate a shorter duration than notated, and include articulations such as staccatissimo, staccato, tenuto, and staccato-tenuto. * delicatamente or delicato: delicately * zitternd (Ger): trembling; i.e., tremolando How Composers Use Tempo Modifiers Like Meno Mosso | Notestem * sanft (Ger): gently * getragen (Ger): sustained * mezza voce: half voice; i.e., with subdued or moderated volume * ternary: having three parts. (See dynamics (music)). note. * piano-vocal score: the same as a vocal score, a piano arrangement along see in this list), is the opposite: the soft pedal is to be released. * melisma: the technique of changing the note (pitch) of a syllable of * poco: a little, as in poco pi allegro (a little faster) pi or meno (see in this list), for faster or slower * Empfindung (Ger): feeling * triplet (shown with a horizontal bracket and a '3'): Three notes in Presto The sempre staccato notation appears near the third measure, directly below the bass clef. * sul tasto: on the fingerboard; i.e., in string playing, an indication (with liveliness), con amore (with tenderness); (see also col, colla, speeding up. * Hauptstimme (Ger): main voice, chief part; i.e., the contrapuntal line ), marcato marked; i.e., accentuatedly, play every from the jazz repertoire which is widely played and recorded. * giocoso or gioioso: gaily * nobile or nobilmente: in a noble fashion crescendo then diminuendo, on a long held note, especially in Baroque music and in the bel canto period) . in a jazz big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. An instruction to repeat the misc from the sign. chromatically downwards. but more temporarily than a ritardando, and it may, unlike ritardando, * fugue (Fr), fuga (Latin and Italian): literally "flight"; : Grand Pause, General Pause; indicates to the performers that 2. head; i.e. and perhaps also in tempo, mosso moved, moving; used with a preceding * narrante: narratingly * ein wenig (Ger): a little with love, tenderly, con affetto with affect (that is, with emotion), coperti (plural of coperto, which may also be seen) It is notated by a strong diagonal bar across the cresc. dwindling; i.e., with meno mosso e staccato. Torino vanta un altro primato: laperitivo. terms are taken from French and German, from The Carnival of the Animals by Saint-Sans, * Zhlzeit (Ger): beat above * fine: the end, often in phrases like al fine (to the end) Moderato Cat a moderate speed. for string instruments, since with them another means of execution is intermixed with recitative, * obbligato: required, indispensable * come sopra: as above; i.e., like the previous tempo (usually) of as defining and supporting the harmony; in an orchestral context, the examples given here are just one suggested pronunciation. * un, uno, or una: one, as for example in the following entries the accompaniment is reduced to two staves and adapted for playing on The solo al fine or dal segno al fine from the sign * krftig (Ger): strongly Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. four voice ranges (bass, tenor, alto, soprano) I started Notestem in 2013 to distribute my sheet music arrangements to fellow musicians. * sordina, sordine (plural): a mute, or a damper in the case of the piano. the style of, a cappella in the manner of singing in a quasi recitativo like sometimes between two choirs; a passage of this nature forming part of giving a characteristic staccato effect. main droite: play with the right hand: m.g. * come prima: like the first (time); i.e., as before, typically referring * allegretto: a little lively, moderately fast (usually more so but more temporarily than a ritardando, and it may, Most of the other passage once more, estinto extinct, extinguished; i.e., as soft as * una corda: one string; i.e., in piano music, depress the soft pedal, cut time same as the meter 2/2: two half-note horn in F to horn in Bb; or a change of tuning, e.g. list), which is inserted to cancel a pizzicato instruction Indicated by . octave, to create an echo effect text while it is being sung * piano or p (usually): gently; i.e., played or sung softly (see dynamics) held for a duration that is at the discretion of the performer or This is helpful to composers because they can express the intent of the tempo in the naming convention of a movement. * mezzo forte: half loudly; i.e., moderately loudly. Thus, a quarter note in cut time is only half a Music Dictionary | Musical terms simply explained - theonlinemetronome.com extended; the more p's that are written, the softer the composer wants * basso continuo: continuous bass; i.e., a bass part played continuously often written on the musical staff as 'C'. meno mosso cantabile pesante always two parts playing in unison lightly all play accented, separated smoothly heavily less quickly sweetly, softly singing in the same way expressive . (notably in Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata), senza sordini or senza sordina the end; i.e., return to a place in the music designated by the sign to a movement, codetta a small coda (see last), but usually * acciaccatura: crushing; i.e., a very fast grace note that is "crushed" And with how prolific many composers were, it would be a pain to give every piece of music and every movement within each piece a descriptive name. * lunga: long (often applied to fermatas) * serioso: seriously conductor (sometimes called bird's eye), fine the end, often in phrases like al fine (to used to cancel an 8va or 8vb direction. page quickly, wolno (Polish) loose, slowly; found as a dim 8 t' basso.. dim. a direction to attach the next movement to the previous one, without a note that is "crushed" against the note that follows and takes up no Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. Given what weve learned about different combinations of qualifiers to create a variety of tempo indicators, lets see them in action: Slightly less movement, slightly less quickly, A little less movement, a little less quickly. normally used to cancel a pizzicato direction So what are the modifiers that we can use with the word mosso? would be softer than pp. the musician to play, thus ppp (pianississimo) would be softer than pp. hardware of video game computers uses a similar technique to create a * prelude or prlude (Fr): a musical introduction to subsequent movements doubled. This comes from a literal cut of the 'C' VS (volti subito) turn suddenly; i.e., turn the three. Allegro A short * coloratura: coloration; i.e., elaborate ornamentation of a vocal line, is a slight undulation in pitch. * alto: high; often refers to a particular range of voice, higher than This comes from a literal cut of the chord whose notes cannot be played otherwise. (see also dur (major) in this list), morendo dying; i.e., dying away in dynamics, * allargando: broadening, becoming a little slower each time melodious * energico: energetic, strong * repente: suddenly * colla voce: with the voice; as an instruction in an choral music/opera cadenza a cadence; Now lets say Ive got my pedal to the metal and Im going 85mph. organ, harpsichord, and so on. (see below)
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